少林拳：融合传统与竞技，走上现代擂台 | Chinese martial arts: Shaolin-style boxing

少林武术是中国最大的武术流派之一，因少林寺而得名。

Shaolin Kung Fu is one of the main martial art styles in China. It is named after the Shaolin temple.

少林拳是对少林拳术器械和对练的统称。拳法中，七星拳和长护心意门拳风格独特，短小精悍，而且非常实用。“它从手法上以龙爪手为主，拳法上典型的是滚出滚入，身法上典型的是龙形身法。”另外还有刀法和棍法，都是刚猛有力。

Shaolin-style boxing generally refers to the bare hand forms, weapon forms and sparring. Among the bare hand forms, The "Seven Star Fist" and "Long Guard the Heart and Mind Gate Fist" stand out. They don't have many moves but both are powerful and practical. In Shaolin Kung Fu, the main hand position is the Dragon Claw, and the practitioners typically use circling blocks outward and inward and the dragon stance. When it comes to weapons, the Shaolin broadsword and stick techniques are fierce and strong.

少林武术传入刘海科家，到他这里已有十代人。从记事起，他就在放羊和做农活的间隙跟着父亲学习武术。“练习武术，不仅让我身体好，而且让我不怕困难，内心强大。”刘海科说，“习武又让我变得很谦逊，天外有天山外有山，我要不断去学习和进步。”

Liu Haike's family has been practicing Shaolin Kung Fu for 10 generations. Liu started to practice kung fu before he could remember with his father when he didn't have to herd sheep and work on the farm. "Practicing kung fu gave me a fit body and a strong mind to overcome all difficulties," said Liu. "I also become more humble when I practice. Because I know there's always somebody better than me and I need to improve myself all the time."

现在，少林拳的套路主要由武校继承，刘海科在负责管理的同时，也承担起武术的教学工作。他曾任2008年北京奥运会国家散打集训队教练，国家武术散打队教练，现任河南省武术散打队总教练。

Shaolin style boxing is now mostly inherited by martial art schools and Liu works as a manager and a professional coach. He was a coach of the 2008 Beijing Olympics special training team for Chinese kickboxing, coach of China's national kickboxing team, and he now works as the chief coach of the Henan Chinese kickboxing team.

“我感觉，在少林武术的很多东西完全可以用于现在的散打。”刘海科说，“散打和传统武术规矩不一样，因为要保护运动员。但像非攻即防或者非防即攻这些传统武术的东西和散打结合起来，形成独特的教学训练方法，在实战当中成功率很高。这种教学方法也造就了很多优秀运动员。”

"I feel that many techniques of Shaolin-style boxing can be used in Chinese kickboxing," said Liu. "But Chinese kickboxing and traditional martial arts have different rules because modern sports cares more about the practitioners' safety. But we can still apply the concept of traditional kung fu, like 'You either attack or defend' with modern Chinese kickboxing, creating a new training method which works well in actual fighting. Now we've trained many skilled athletes."

在刘海科的带领下，河南省走出了许多优秀的散打运动员。2008年北京奥运会，他的弟子张帅可获得奥运史上首枚56kg级金牌。2014年3月，他作为国家武术散打队教练，带领队员在第五届世界青少年武术锦标赛上获得3枚金牌；2014年8月，他再一次作为国家武术散打队教练，带领队员在第二届青奥会武术散打比赛中获得4枚金牌。2018年，他的3名弟子在第十八届亚运会上夺金。

Under Liu's training, a couple of renowned Chinese kickboxing athletes emerged in Henan Province. During the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, his pupil Zhang Shuaike won the first Chinese gold medal at the 56 kilograms level in Olympic history. In March 2014, as the coach of China's national kickboxing team, his team members won three gold medals in the 5th World Junior Martial Arts Championship. In August 2014, his team won four gold medals in Chinese kickboxing in the Youth Olympic Games. In 2018, three pupils of Liu brought back 3 gold medals from the Asian Games.

另一方面，刘海科也致力于发展武术表演，将武校学生16次带上春晚舞台，并参加了奥运会、亚运会、青奥会等活动的开闭幕式。

On the other hand, Liu promotes martial art as a performance. The performances of his students have been on the stage of 16 of CCTV's Spring Festival Galas, as well as the opening/closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games, Asian Games, and the Youth Olympic Games.

“从事武术教育责任重大，不单单是要把前辈的武术继承下来，更重要还要传承下去”，刘海科说，“我们要把它发扬光大，要培养出来更多优秀学员。希望将来有一天，武术能真正站上奥运舞台”。

"Teaching martial arts is a heavy responsibility that requires us to inherit and pass on the ancestors' knowledge," Liu said. "We need to bring it to a larger stage. We need to cultivate more pupils. I hope that someday, Kung Fu could become an official Olympic sport."

往期链接：

Suggestions and Cooperation

请读者广提建议，您的建议很重要

投稿与合作：[e-mail]